Role of miRNAs as new biomarkers in diagnosis of Hepatocellular carcinoma

Introduction & Aim: Today, with the advent of new molecular techniques, new hopes in the diagnosis and treatment of various human diseases have emerged. One of these techniques is to measure the expression of MicroRNA. Recent studies have shown that most genetic pathways are regulated by MicroRNA (miRs). Considering that Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common type of cancer and third most common cause of cancer mortality in the world, this review study aimed at investigating the role of diagnostic Micro-RNAs in this cancer. Methods: This review was done by searching on PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Web of Science by entering Biomarker, Hepatocellular carcinoma , Cancer, Circulating Micro-RNAs, Plasma, Serum and Diagnosis as keywords. Results A total of 37 miRNAs were reported in examined all studies, 31 was upregulated and 6 was downregulated in the blood of patients with HCC. We identified 7 miRNAs that were most consistently reported to be upregulated (miR-21; 92a; 122; 221; 222; 223; and miR-224) However, in the early detection of various cancers, circulating Micro-RNAs have also been identified and most reports are about miR-21; 221;155; 223; 92;16 ;20 ;141 ;145 ;210. Conclusion The characteristics of an ideal biomarker are: its high sensitivity and specificity, its non-invasive use with a rapid and accurate measurement, the ability to detect disease in the early stages and its evolution with the progression of disease, and have a half-life long enough. Circulating Micro-RNAs, as biomarkers, have these potential, and a standard method for their measurement should be used.

کلیدواژه ها:

Biomarker ، Circulating Micro-RNAs ، Hepatocellular carcinoma ، Diagnosis