Investigating the predictors of self-care behaviors in patients undergoing angioplasty treatment: The application of health promotion model

Objective: Angioplasty is the most commonly used methods for the rehabilitation of coronary arteries in patients with coronary artery disease. A large number of patients undergoing angioplasty, in a two-year period after this procedure, face angina, recurrent myocardial infarction, death, or recurrence of the procedure. However, a significant amount of relapse and complications of the disease with proper self-care and necessary care can be reduced and avoidable. This study aims to identify the factors affecting self-care behaviors in cardiac patients undergoing angioplasty based on health promotion model.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 cardiovascular patients undergoing angioplasty referring to Bushehr cardiovascular center. Health promotion model constructs and self-care behaviors assessed by a researcher-made questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 by using Descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analyses.Result: In this study, the mean age of participants was 58.77 - 10.21. Participants who were employed (t =2.25, P =0.025) and had a more educational level (t =4.85, P =0.003) showed a better self-care behavior than others. The stepwise regression model revealed that three variables, including perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy, and social support, were significant predictors of self-care behaviors among patients undergoing angioplasty. These factors accounted for 43.1% (R2=0.431) of the variance. Amongthe health promotion model constructs, self-HIILFDF\ ( 0.237 3 <0.001) ZDV WKH VWURQJHVW SUHGLFWRU RIself-FDUH EHKDYLRUV DQG DIWHU WKDW SHUFHLYHG EDUULHUV ( -0.195 3 <0.001) DQG SHUFHLYHG VRFLDO VXSSRUW (= 0.13, P <0.001) were the predictors of self-care behaviors in patients. Perceived benefits did not significantly predict self-care behaviors.Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it is suggested that designing and implementing of training programs to improve self-efficacy and perceived social support of cardiovascular patients and minimize barriers to self-care may improve self-care behaviors among patients undergoing angioplasty.

کلیدواژه ها:

Self-care ، health promotion model ، angioplasty