University entrepreneurship, a force for science-based economy

There is no doubt that science today is considered to be the most effective factor in economic development. In these conditions, universities are expected to play a broader role in national and local development as well as education and science production. The process of technology transfer from industry to university in the form of creation and improvement of new products and services can be one of the most effective activities of universities for wealth production and economic growth. The appearance of entrepreneur university is a respond to the necessity of science and innovation in national and local development. Historic investigations show that as the word of entrepreneurship was created three decades ago, some American universities began to shift their orientation toward educating and training entrepreneurs rather than science production about entrepreneurship. In other words, entrepreneurship was based on traditional resources such as money, land and other financial resources but inearly 1990s, innovation based on science and entrepreneurship based on science and science-based economy have developed interactively. Some successful examples of entrepreneurship are MIT university, Stanford university, SME companies in Silicon Valley and other examples in Europe and southeast Asian countries in which entrepreneur universities became a force for the development of science-based economy and SMEs. Since the most important feature of entrepreneur universities is the commercialization of science, it is clear that going through such a process needs different sources of income, entrepreneurial activities of academia and creating new strategies for the compatibility of university structures and entrepreneurial activities. For example, Lestra considers university entrepreneurship to be the engagement of university and faculty members in related commercialization activities including the cooperation between university and industry, investment in companies based on university, simultaneous employment of faculty members in university and Spin off companies and preparing new supportive infrastructures for promoting entrepreneurship (such as establishing technology transfer offices, widespread cooperation with science and technology parks and technology incubators) In other words, inputs in a university entrepreneurial system are professors, students, scientific skills, entrepreneurship educations and etc.Outputs are graduates with the capability to start business and take adventures. Developing sustainable entrepreneurship in the absence of a scientific ecosystem seems impossible. Scientific ecosystem and innovation can provide the basis for developing innovative and science-based businesses.But it is an important question that what percent of our professors and students are engaged in entrepreneurial education and what percent are working in science-based enterprises or institutes of technology