Nanofibrous Three Dimensional Scaffold Produced by Freeze-Drying from Ternary Composition: Polyvinyl Alcohol, Vinyl-BasedPolymer, and Nano-Graphene Oxide; for Bone Tissue Engineering

Background and Aim: The present work aims to obtain new nanofibrous biocomposites based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) reinforced with vinylbased polymer (VBP) and nano-graphene oxide (nGO) by freeze-dryingas a candidate for bone tissue engineering. On the one hand, thescaffolds are designed with consideration of the high implementationof the aforementioned biopolymers as biomaterials; on the other hand,the two component of the system, GO and VBP, is expected to improveporosity, biocompatibility structural stability and boost mechanicalstrength. Moreover, a 3D porous structure made out of nanofibersfabricated through the freeze-drying process.Methods: We prepare two solutions of polymers:1) Polyvinyl alcohol,Vinyl based polymer, and Nano-graphene oxide (NP+), 2) Polyvinylalcohol, Vinyl based polymer (NP–). Then fabricate 3D hydrogelcomposites through the controlled freeze-drying process. The scaffoldswere characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Furthermore, the mechanical properties, biocompatibility, andcytocompatibility of PVA-VBP-nGO (NP+) and PVA-VBP (NP–) scaffoldwere explored.Results: FT-IR showed the absorption regions of the specific chemicalgroups associated with PVA, VBP, GO in NP+ hydrogel group and PVA,VBP in NP– hydrogel group. Incorporation of nGO greatly improved thethermal resistance, mechanical stability, and cytocompatibility of theNP+ nanocomposite scaffold as compared to NP- composite scaffold.SEM analysis showed that the presence of nanofibers in the structure ofthe above mention groups. It is also found that using of nGO resulted inmore uniformly nanofibers in NP+ 3-dimensional group.Conclusion: In this study, for the first time, we introduced the fabricationof new PVA-VBP-nGO nanofibers 3D scaffolds through the freezedryingprocess which could serve as an efficient construct for bone tissueengineering.

کلیدواژه ها:

Nanofibrous three-dimensional scaffold ، Polyvinyl alcohol ، Nano-graphene oxide ، Bone tissue engineering