Myriad Roles of MicroRNAs in Acute Coronary Syndrome

Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is known as a life-threatening disease. Unstable angina (UA) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are two major subtypes of ACS. Attempts to identify molecular diagnostic biomarkers to distinguish this disorder have been ongoing in recent years. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small noncoding RNAs, evoked a great deal of interest in last years. These main regulatory gene families have been proved to participate in most cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. The aim of the study was to investigate the specific miRNAs as diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics biomarkers in patients with ACS.Methods and Materials: Systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Pubmed, OVID and Cochrane library were evaluated for all comparative studies since 2000 to 2018 with English language limitation.Results: On the basis of the results of this study, miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-208, and miR-499 have important roles in the diagnosis of AMI. The cluster of miRs-16/27a/101/150, miR-155 and miR-380 were reported to be prognostic indicators for ACS patients. MiR-208b and miR-133a were proposed to be valuable for the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with AMI. A cluster of three miRNAs (miR-132/150/186) have been reported to be biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of UA. Some pioneering studies presented the miR-155 as a new biomarker for cardiac death in post-AMI patients. Other investigations reported the miR-34a as a valuable predicator for the risk of heart failure after AMI through p53 pathway. Furthermore, it was found that miR-126 is a unique biomarker for both AMI and UA.Conclusion: This paper presents important findings to improve future miRNAs researches. MicroRNAs may be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease.

کلیدواژه ها:

Acute Coronary Syndrome ، MicroRNAs ، Unstable Angina ، Acute Myocardial Infarction