The mutual relevance of Microbiota and probiotics has the significant effect to protect the body health and to improve diseases

Background: The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract consists of a combination of microorganisms and dynamic population which affects both human health and the development of diseases. Several factors have contributed to the replacement of intestinal microbiome in humans, including the role of nutrition and drugs. The main function of the microbiota is protection and activationof metabolic and trophic mechanisms. Microbiota also protects the host from microbial pathogens by producing bacteriocin and competing for nutrients and adherenceto the intestinal surfaces. Ultimately, microbial flora can affect the essential processes, such as digestion, immune response, nutrient uptake, growth, and metabolism. Probiotic is living microorganisms and could be helpful to the host health when it is consumed in sufficient quantities. Different types of probiotics mainly belong to the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species. Other probiotic-related microorganisms include Saccharomyces, Nissle 1917strains of Escherichia coli, Lactococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus. The beneficial effectsof probiotics has been shown in some of the disorders, such as diarrhea, allergies, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Lactose malabsorption and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infant. The concept of probiotics is not limited to food and includes other items such as pharmaceutical products. Application these agents it is possible in extra-intestinal areas such as respiratory system, skin, blood, genital system, etc. Conclusion: Recent studies have been shown that probiotic has an important role in GI and has significant effects on the diseases improvement or reduce thesymptoms of various diseases.

کلیدواژه ها:

microbiota ، probiotic ، health