Kyphoplasty, Patient Selection and Potential Complications

Chronic pain affects _20% of the European population, 25/5% in Tehran and is commoner in women, older people, and with relative deprivation. Its management in the community remains generally unsatisfactory, partly because of lack of evidence for effective interventions. Epidemiological study of chronic pain, through an understanding of its distribution and determinants, can inform the development, targeting, and evaluation of interventions in the general population. In this lecture reviews current knowledge of risk markers associated with chronic pain and considers how these might inform management and prevention. Risk factors that can be effective on chronic pain include socio-demographic, clinical, psychological, and biological factors. These are relevant to our understanding of chronic pain mechanisms and the nature of, and responses to, current and future treatments.

کلیدواژه ها:

chronic pain ، distribution ، determination ، risk ، epidemiology