NEW GENERATION OF ADJUVANTS IN VACCINE DELIVERY

Background and Aim:The vaccines with pure recombinant and synthetic antigens are poorly immunogenic and thus cannot induce an strong protective immune response. Threfore, to bused up these response, a safe and improved adjuvant is essential.Methods:In this article, we reviewed the adjuvants used in the development of vaccines, from the aspect of immune respons, especially in the last 10 years.Results:Adjuvants in human vaccine formulations should be biocompatible, biodegradable, biologically inert and capable to induce of immune responses. New adjuvants as an alternative for alum has been studied specially in last decade. In this review we discuss the role of appropriate adjuvants and their role as ‘delivery systems’ in human vaccines. Some strategies such as use of emulsion, liposomes and micro/nano particle as second generation adjuvants on alum are interested. Although these adjuvants are more potent than alum, associated toxicity issues (spacially in combination with a vaccine) and regulatory concerns stoped their use in human vaccines.Conclusion:It is not yet clear which formulation(emolsione, liposome, nano/micro particle) has the ‘best’ technologies in the long term for vaccine delivery, but these vaccines are more potent immunogenic and thus can induce an appropriate protective immune response. However, new infectious diseases and new drug-resistant microbial infections warrant development of safe and improved new adjuvants.

کلیدواژه ها:

Vaccine ، adjuvant ، immune response