Mambranous GN. pathology review

Membranous nephropathy is a rare histologic entity in children, which usually presents as nephrotic syndrome or asymptomatic proteinuria. It is one of the most common causes of primary nephrotic syndrome in adults, it contributes to <5% of cases in children. It is characterized histologically by the uniform thickening of the glomerular capillary wall on light microscopy.This thickening is associated with subepithelial immune complex deposits that appear as granular deposits of immunoglobulin (Ig) G on immunofluorescence and as electron-dense deposits on electron microscopy.In children, secondary causes of MN have been associated with conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), hepatitis B or C infection, secondary and congenital syphilis, malaria, and Ebstein Barr Virus (EBV) infection.Other rare underlying causes are C4 deficiency, selective IgA deficiency, or antitubular basement membrane antibodies