Psychiatric Manifestations of ASD

A number of changes were made in DSM-5 for diagnoses autistic spectrumdisorder (ASD), included modifying and specification of severity in thisdisorder. ASD diagnosis has several fields.The social problems are not simply due to cognitive disability. Social difficultiesmay progress over time to the point where the child passively accepts interactionor develops a one-sided and eccentric interaction. Social and adaptive skills areamong the more powerful predictors of ultimate outcome.It is common for parents to become concerned about delayed developmentof language. Communicative difficulties are a central aspect of ASD. Thechild may repeat sentences or phrases (echolalia) either one heard recently or use is seen and frequent. Often prosody monotonic or poorly inflected witha loud voice volume and idiosyncratic language is often only understood byparents or family members. Problems with pragmatic language are frequent,in understanding figurative language, humor, sarcasm and irony are frequent.Occasionally the child is attached to an unusual subject. Although parents aresometimes worried that children may be deaf, the child may actually respondwith great alarm to some sounds. Younger children often are more interestedin the taste, texture, and smell of objects than their function. Unusual sensoryinterests often precedes the development of more classic stereotypedmannerisms.Abnormal cognition is common in individuals with social learning problems and in children with more classic autism (better nonverbal than verbal abilities).The reverse profile may be seen in individuals with Asperger disorderis powerful predictor of outcome. Scatter on cognitive testing is common often remembered from the past; this sometimes may be functional. Also Pronoun

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Psychiatric manifestations ASD-DSM-5