The major reason of exchange transfusion in term and preterm neonate

Background: Hyperbilirubinemia is the most common cause of neonatal re‐admission. Exchange transfusion is one of the treatments for hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. Understanding the cause of blood transfusion in infants helps to identify neonates at a higher risk of exchange transfusion and prevent them. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the cause of blood exchange in neonates.Method: this review article is based on the study of books and article available on valid site such as pubmed, science direct, irandoc and Sid.Result: factors causing severe hyperbilirubinemia and followed by the need for blood exchange are divided into the several categories:A) Hemolytic factors: ABO incompatibility, Rh incompatibility, GPD deficiency, Sepsis.B) Non Hemolytic factors: Breast feeding jaundice, prematurity.C) Idiopathic factors include: pathological weight loss that can cause severe hyperbilirubinemia.Conclusion: according to the finding of this article it can be said that, ABO and RH incompatibility, lack of GPD enzyme, premature infants, inappropriate breast feeding is the cause of hyperbilirubenmia and subsequent blood exchange.The most common cause of severe hyperbilirubenmia is ABO incompatibility. Method that can be made to prevent this factor include:. prevention of premature labor.educatind successful and appropriate breastfeeding for mothers.neonatal screening to prevent the incompatibility of blood group and prevent problem cause by lack of GPD enzyme. At the end, the frequent visits of infants and attention to other risk factors especially in first day after birth.

کلیدواژه ها:

Severe hyperbilirubinemia ، Neonatal jaundice ، Exchange transfusion