Effect of Fucoidan Extracted from Algae on Colon Cancer

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the world, with around 1.4 million new cases in 2012. Recently, the use of natural ingredients, such as fucoidan in seaweed, due to its non-toxic and marine natural product, Many have been caught up in controlling many diseases, such as invasive cancers(1).The first anticancer effects of this substance were reported in 1980, and so far 142 articles have been published(2). Most of these papers, Laboratory studies such as adding fucoidan to the cell-line growth culture of different cancers, such as stomach adenocarcinoma(3), blood(4), melanoma(5), Liver(6), bladder(7), prostate(8), breast(9), colon(10) and lung(11).Positive effects of fucoidan on HCT-15(1), HCT-29(12), HCT-116 (13), colon cancer, respectively, as morphology and cytoplasmic disturbance, inhibition of proliferation Cell proliferation and increase of signaling pathways of apoptosis, interaction with activation of Caspase 3 and 7, increased deaths and cytotoxic effects.In spite of the wide resemblance of different species of fucoidans, it is sometimes seen that the effect is different. for example, Cladosiphon okamuranus, did not have an effect on breast cancer treatment, while in the colon cancer, it weakened tumor growth and increased survival(14). Another use of Fucoidan in cancer use has been associated with the reduction of side effects of chemotherapy such as gastrointestinal mucositis and tolerance of further chemotherapy(15).Also, the effect of fucoidan on reducing inflammation and maintaining the epithelial integrity to treat inflammatory bowel conditions is very promising due to the strengthening of tight joints(16).