The role of resveratrol in cancer treatment

Cancer becomes a major worldwide public health problem and it is the second cause of death and mortality in all of the worlds. The prevalent treatments are Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.Meanwhile, tumor resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, has become a main obstacle in treatment of cancer. Furthermore, resistance to the therapeutic strategies leading to unfavorable adverse effects. Therefore, in the recent past, a great focus has been attempted on finding the safe and effective treatment for cancer treatment. Resveratrol (trans-3, 5, 40-trihydroxystilbene) a natural product which found in grapes, peanut and berries has great effect in oxidant and antioxidant balance, anti-inflammatory response, cardiac disease and cancer. It has been shown resveratrol through different mechanisms counteract with tumor cells. The main molecular mechanism of reservatrol in eradicating of cancer cells is related to the apoptotic mechanism including regulation of mitochondrial and caspase cascade enzymatic system, up-regulation of tumor suppressor genes and inhibitors of CDK (Cyclin Dependent Kinase). This polyphenolic phytoalexin substance not only regulates the level of reactive oxygen species Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hypochlorous acid (HOCl), hydroxyl radical (OH•), and superoxide anion (O2•–) but also it up- regulate the expression of anti oxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase in cancer cells. In cancer-associated fibroblasts of tumor microenvironment reservatrol through suppression of NF_κB and AKT pathway inhibit proliferation, invasion, migration, and chemoresistance of tumor cells. It also reduces inflammatory responses by binding to cox-2 which leading to decrease in secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, including IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α. Resveratrol sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy via promoting S phase cell cycle arrest accompanied by a significant decrease in levels of proteins involved in drug resistance, such as MRP1, LRP, GST, and BCL-2, as well as topoisomerase II. resveratrol has showed promising effect in cancer treatment through different mechanisms. Meanwhile, further clinical trials needs to prove its safety and efficacy in cancer treatment.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cancer Prevention ، Lifestyle and Cancer ، Nutrition and Cancer ، Cancer Treatment and Management ، Drugs and Cancer