Postmodern theories of international relations

In post-positivism view, attitude to phenomenology and its foundations is different from the positivism view. This movement was started three decades of 20th century and is also developing now. It is established from artistic, architectural views and is extended to other social science fields. The psychological view of Lacan and Derrida, Baudrillard and Lyotard and other scientists in this field and some people as Derderian and Shapiro, etc. had created different view in international relations. Referring from the original (modernity) to margin and listening to low voice is a multiple view in this thought. The lack of originality and achieving various attitudes from different angles show that post modernism with a complete view by different post-structural views can investigate each image with different view of modernity mechanisms and phenomenological and ontology and its mythology. Also, the distance between subject and object can be reduced and object acting is increased. These solutions are effective in internal relations and new views can be raised in international relations outside of positivism view. The most important principle is emphasizing on marginal voices as not hearted by dominance and power relations and insisting on international bright relations instead of dark areas in international relations can be considered. Saussure emphasized a distinction between signifier and signified. The sound of the term apple is signifier and the concept of apple is signified. The structural relationship between signifier and signified is a semiotic and language is based on these signs. This identity sign is arbitrary and signifier is not used instead of signified. In post-structuralism, signified is decreased and signifier is in superior position. This means that there is no one by one correspondence between assumptions and reality. There are some similarities in structuralism and post-structuralism.

کلیدواژه ها:

post modern ، international relation ، positivism