Risk factors of depressive disorders in the menopause: A Narrative Review

Introduction: Depression is the most common psychiatric disorders in the menopause and it isassociated with significant morbidity and mortality consequences. Given the importance ofidentification risk factors of depression in this period, the purpose of this study was to determine therisk factors of depression in menopausal period.Materials and Methods: In this narrative review, electronic databases were including GoogleScholar and the more specifically in Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID), PubMed, Webof Science, SCOPUS, Ovid, Science Direct and ProQuest. Those articles published between 1985and 2017 were retrieved and undergone abstract and full-text appraisal. Lastly, 65 articles wereselected and used to write this study’s results.Results: The risk factors of depression in menopause were classified as follow: biological(decreased reproductive hormonal level, long term premenopausal period, experience severemenopausal symptoms, premature menopause, decreased physical health, family history ofpsychiatric disorders, history of postpartum depression, history of premenstrual syndrome),psychological (history of depression, stressful life events, negative attitude toward menopause andaging, history of an or mood disorders, sense of loss in the life, low self-concept and self-esteem)and social (stress of caring adolescent children or changes in the family structure, empty nestsyndrome, additional caregiving responsibilities of old parents, lower socioeconomic status,financial problems, absence of employment, inability to work outside the home and avoidance ofsocial activities, and retirement, changes in marital status and marital conflicts).Conclusion: Given the important role of psychological health in menopausal aged women, it isrecommended that mental health and risk factors of psychiatric disorders in menopause will beevaluated in menopause clinics and every high risk women will be referred to psychiatrist forpharmacological or non-pharmacological treatment.

کلیدواژه ها:

Depression ، menopause ، psychiatric disorders ، psychosocial factors ، biological