THE CHARACTERIZATION OF NEW EMULSIFIER PRODUCED FROM CHIKEN SKIN LIPID APPLIED IN WATER/OIL EMULSION

In almost all phases of oil production and processing; inside reservoirs, wellbores and wellheads; in petroleum processing, during crude storage and also transportation through pipelines, the emulsion system of dispersion of water in oil or oil in water is appeared. In preparation of this specialty emulsion, the use of surfactant is required. The source of natural lipid for producing surfactant for these propose is limited therefore it would be valuable to find the renewable source of initial material respectively. The lipid of chicken skin can be an optional case for this application. In this research, the main lipid extracted from the chicken skin at high temperature was used as an initial material for producing a specific emulsifier for water/oil dispersion system. More than 30 different compounds including saturated, mono unsaturated and multi unsaturated fatty acid was identified through GC-MS analysis of the methylated ester of the extracted fatty glycerol. The transformation of soap to fatty acid was performed using 1:1 mole ratio with hydrochloric acid. The collected fatty acids were reacted with triethanolamine in a refluxed system over 90◦C for 1 hour. The triethanolamine soap as an emulsifier for dispersing of water droplet in oil phase (W/O) has been confirmed. The surface tension, stability of emulsion in alcohol and electrolyte for a long period of time has been studied. The dynamic viscosity was determined, results showed that higher concentration of emulsifier in lower water volume fraction of 25%, were effective in stabilizing the W/O emulsion at room temperature. The non-Newtonian shear thinning Pseudo-plastic behaviour is shown for water / paraffin emulsion system.

کلیدواژه ها:

Water/Oil emulsion ، chicken skin lipid ، Emulsifier ، triethanolamine soap ، oilfield