Comparative Oncology: New Window to Explore Cancer Biology

Laboratory and pet animals are considered as principle models of the various diseases. Inparticular, animals are proposed as models to studying different aspects of the cancerprocess. In parallel to the studies in the human cancers, similar investigations wereperformed in the animal models. Beside laboratory animals, pet animals, especially dogs, aredefined as excellent in vivo environments sharing same biological properties with the humanones. Although a number of veterinary species, including the cat, horse and ferret, developcancers that are of comparative interest, the majority of both the scientific and clinical efforthas thus far focused on the dog. For example, similar antigenic phenotype, metastaticpattern, comparable histopathologic features, similar expression patterns of proliferating cellnuclear antigen (PCNA), cytokeratins, calponin, and Bcl-2 were reported in human andcanine breast cancer. Additionally canine B-cell lymphoma were suggested as ideal model ofhuman non†Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) where lymphoma in both species containcomparable tumor biology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis protocol, and response to thetreatment. Using advanced molecular approaches and high throughput genomics andproteomics techniques in tumor tissues of the companion animals, different molecularmechanisms involving in cancer development and novel oncogenes (OG) and tumorsuppressor (TS) were indicated in the diverse cancers.

کلیدواژه ها:

Comparative Oncology ، Animal Model ، Canine Tumors ، Cancer Biology ، Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen