Seed-borne Diseases - Obvious and Hidden Threat

About ٩٠% of all food crops are propagated by seeds all over the world. Pests and diseasesdamage estimated for the most important eight crops grown in the world is about ٣٠٠-٤٠٠ billionUSA each year and a considerable proportion of these losses are due to seed borne infections. Manyplant pathogens can survive in, on, or with seed and seed has been to be an important vehicle fortransmitting plant pathogens from one region to another or new places. Due to important roll ofseeds in transmission of threatening seed-borne pathogens, seed health tests are avoidable. Some ofmicro-organisms are equipped in such a way that can be used against human and plants. Genomes ofmany of pathogens are known and this capability allow to make them more dangerous. Base onunited nation report the ability of countries in chemical weapon production have increased not onlyin numbers but also in poisonous and variety has increased. Viruses, bacteria and fungi withpotentially high in toxin production are available and can be used against humans. Depending onnature and location of pathogens in or on the seed different seed health test such as seed extractiontest for nematodes, freezing blotter test, centrifuge washing test, embryo test, slide agglutinationtest and in some other situations high techniques with sophisticated instrument to conduct PCR orELISA tests in combination with clear cut understanding of the subject, providence of equipmentneeded for inspections and etc. are carried out.

کلیدواژه ها:

test ، seed ، pathogen ، micro organism