The Environmental Impact Assessment of Natural Coastal Resources

The concept of sustainable development of coastal zone is principally related with conflicts between coastal zone natural resource users and environment. So, the strategy of sustainable development means the reasonable approach to the resolution of these conflicts.Governmental organisations, what responsible for acceptance of the decisions on coastal zone engineering projects, require that an assessment of the potential environmental impacts of the project be carried out. The main objective of that expertise is the supporting of the environmental safety in concern with the proposed actions, what may affect the environment. The basic tool of environmental impact assessment is the mathematical modelling, what can give available numerical and analytical estimations of environmental processes. In the paper the experience of assessment of projects in the sea coastal zone, such as construction of transport terminals is presented. That is basing on mathematical modelling of water exchange, pollutant convection-diffusion and real field data. In the same time the method of EI 99 (the modelling core of international standards ISO 14000 on the environmental assessment) is the best method of environmental management of resources, including coastal water resources. The present work is a contribution to the development of this dynamic method. Moreover, that is the way to collect the existing methods and approaches to the general system. Coastal zone development modifies and sufficiently pollutes the water of enclosed water bodies like small bays, lagoons, harbour, marinas and beaches with protective structures. The limited water exchange of similar areas with open sea increases the risk of degradation of water ecosystems under strong pollution load.

کلیدواژه ها:

coastal zone ، environmental processes ، environmental assessment ، water resources ، international standards ، modelling ، case study