Morphological Phenomena and Protection Measures on the Romanian Coastline of the Black Sea

The Black Sea, situated in the middle of Euro-Asian continental masses, has a total coastline length approximately 4,000 km, out of which 210 km is Romanian coastline. Today, the Romanian seashore is characterised by the generalised degradation of the main environmental components like pollution of coastal water, biocenosis modification and beach erosion. Field observations and measurements on Romanian coastline have shown a strong degradation evolution due to the beach erosion. In the paper, the Romanian shoreline evolution is analysed. The reasons of seashore degradation and the means for stopping these phenomena and for beach rehabilitation, which were applied lately, are described. The main source of sand for Romanian seashore is the Danube River. Due to the development of hydraulic structures on the Danube and its affluents, and of the works for soil protection, the sediment load at the river mouth was greatly decreased. A negative effect on the continuity of the littoral transport of sand has been done by transverse coastal structures, like the harbour breakwaters.In the paper is described a sand trap system, equipped with jet pump units, that catches the sand from accretion zones and stores this sand in erosion zones. This system was designed and tested in Hydraulics Laboratory of the Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest.

کلیدواژه ها:

Beach erosion ، morphological process ، shore protection ، hydraulic model ، sand trap system