Securing the Internet of Vehicles: Threats, Challenges, and Solutions

The rapid development of Internet of Vehicles (IOV) technology brings better transportation solutions through its ability to establish continuous connections between vehicles, roadside units and cloud services. The connected environment creates benefits for road safety, traffic flow, and user satisfaction, but it introduces multiple security vulnerabilities that affect vehicle protection. Security threats such as data manipulation, identity spoofing, message tampering and network disruption directly impact driver safety and system reliability. This paper analyzes the primary security threats which exist in IoV networks, while showing the difficulties which must be overcome to create effective security systems and examining existing research solutions. The discussion focuses on authentication, trust management, secure communication, intrusion detection systems, and new technologies, which include blockchain and edge-based intelligence. The existing security weaknesses will be explained, while recommendations for bettering IoV security in future intelligent mobility systems will be provided.

کلیدواژه ها:

Internet of Vehicles (IOV) ، Vehicular communication ، Trust management ، Intrusion detection systems (IDS) ، Vehicle-to-Everything (V۲X) communication security ، Blockchain-based security