Russian-Persian Language Interference: A Contrastive Approach to Teaching Russian as a Foreign Language

Language interference is one of the central problems in the process of learning foreign languages, since the system of the learner’s native language exerts a significant influence on the perception, acquisition, and use of the new language. This article examines Russian-Persian language interference from the standpoint of a contrastive approach to teaching Russian as a foreign language. The aim of the study is to identify the main types of interference phenomena arising from differences between the Russian and Persian linguistic systems, as well as to determine their significance for the methodology of teaching Russian to Persian-speaking learners.The study analyzes phonetic, grammatical, lexical, and syntactic differences between Russian and Persian that may lead to errors in the learning process. Particular attention is paid to such linguistic categories as the case system, grammatical gender, the category of verbal aspect, word order, and the features of the phonetic organization of speech.The theoretical foundation of the research is based on the principles of the theory of language interference and contrastive linguistics. On the basis of the analysis conducted, methodological strategies aimed at preventing and overcoming the negative transfer of elements of the native language in the study of Russian as a foreign language are proposed.The results of the study show that the systematic consideration of differences between Russian and Persian contributes to increasing the effectiveness of teaching Russian, developing linguistic competence, and reducing the number of typical errors among Persian-speaking students.

کلیدواژه ها:

Russian as a foreign language ، Persian language ، language interference ، contrastive analysis ، error analysis ، Russian for Persian-speaking learners ، foreign language teaching methodology.