Investigating Types of Immunity and Histopathological Lesions in the Rat’s Bladder Infected With Trichosomoides crassicauda

Introduction: Trichosomoides crassicauda is a nematode residing in the bladder of rats. This study was conducted to investigate the experimental lesions caused by this nematode in the bladder wall.Materials & Methods: Ten male Wistar rats, each with an average weight of ۲۵۰ grams, were used for this study. The rats were divided into two groups: five were infected with T. crassicauda eggs, while the other five were left uninfected. Both groups were observed for ۶۰ days following the egg inoculation. After this period, a necropsy was conducted to examine the bladder and liver for any gross lesions. Tissue samples, approximately ۵ mm thick., were collected from the bladder and liver and preserved in ۱۰% buffered formaldehyde. Additionally, the bladder samples were analyzed for the expression of genes associated with the cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), Interleukin-۱ beta (IL-۱β), IL-۴, interferon‐ gamma (IFN‐γ), and IL-۵.Results: Hyperemia and catarrhal exudate were detected in the bladder mucosa of the infected group. However, no visible uroliths or tumoral lesions were observed. Microscopically, transitional epithelial cell hyperplasia with edema and an influx of small to moderate mononuclear leukocytes, mainly of the lymphoid lineage, were observed. In the infected group, the expression of the inflammatory-immune genes TNF-α, IL-۱β, IL-۴, IL-۵ and IFN-Ɣ intake was higher in comparison to the sham group. The IL-۴/IFN-Ɣ ratio was increased.Conclusion: T. crassicauda caused minor tissue changes accompanied by significant expression of inflammatory cytokines related to Th۲ dominance, and cellular immunity (IFN-Ɣ) probably does not play a role in the immune response in rats infected with T. crassicauda.

کلیدواژه ها:

cystitis ، Inflammatory cytokines ، IL-۴/IFN-Ɣ ratio ، Trichosomoides crassicauda