Association Between Polymorphisms in Adiponectin, Leptin and Leptin Receptor Genes with COVID-۱۹ Disease Severity Among Jordanian Population

Introduction: Variations in genetic makeup can affect COVID-۱۹ disease susceptibility and severity. Adipokines, including leptin and adiponectin, are protein hormones synthesized in the adipose tissues. Adipokines are implicated in the regulation of body metabolism and immunity. Here, the study investigated the relationships between single nucleotide polymorphisms in adiponectin (ADIPOQ: rs۱۵۰۱۲۹۹ and rs۸۲۲۳۹۶), leptin (LEP: rs۷۷۹۹۰۳۹) and leptin receptor (LEPR: rs۱۱۳۷۱۰۱) and COVID-۱۹ susceptibility/severity in Jordan. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional, case-control design was adopted. The study included ۴۲۷ subjects who never experienced COVID-۱۹ disease (controls), and ۴۳۴ subjects with COVID-۱۹ disease history (cases). Cases included ۲۶۸ subjects who experienced mild/moderate symptoms and ۱۶۶ subjects who experienced severe symptoms. Genotyping of genetic variants was performed using “polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique (PCR-RFLP)” technique. Cross-tabulation and multivariate regression analysis were used in data analysis. Results: No statistical differences were found between distribution of genotypes of the studied genetic variations and susceptibility to COVID-۱۹ (P>۰.۰۵). Regarding disease severity, the ADIPOQ rs۱۵۰۱۲۹۹ polymorphism exhibited an association with COVID-۱۹ severe form of the disease (P<۰.۰۵). The frequency of GT genotype was lower (P<۰.۰۵) among patients with a severe form of the disease than among the patients with a non-severe form of the disease. Finally, the AGGA haplotype of rs۸۲۲۳۹۶, rs۱۵۰۱۲۹۹, rs۱۱۳۷۱۰۱, and rs۷۷۹۹۰۳۹ polymorphisms was higher among patients with severe form of the disease than among patients with non-severe form of the disease (P<۰.۰۱). Conclusion: the ADIPOQ rs۱۵۰۱۲۹۹ polymorphism and the AGGA haplotype of rs۸۲۲۳۹۶, rs۱۵۰۱۲۹۹, rs۱۱۳۷۱۰۱, and rs۷۷۹۹۰۳۹ may contribute to COVID-۹ disease severity among Jordanian people. The current results can be integrated in the management of COVID-۹ disease severity

کلیدواژه ها:

Adipokines ، genetic variations ، SARS-CoV-۲ ، Virus