Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Fe_۲O_۳/Co@Gr Nanocomposites for Electromagnetic Wave Attenuation Applications

The rapid proliferation of wireless technologies and compact electronic devices has made electromagnetic interference (EMI) a pressing concern for both technological reliability and public health. This research presents an innovative approach to broadband EMI mitigation through the development of lightweight, magnetically responsive nanocomposites. Hybrid materials consisting of graphene (Gr)-reinforced Fe۲O۳/Co nanostructures were engineered and systematically characterized which were uniformly distributed in a polyurethane (PU) matrix. Advanced synthesis techniques yielded Fe۲O۳/Co hybrid nanoparticles while optimized integration with Gr nanosheets enhanced both electrical conduction and interfacial polarization effects. Multimodal characterization including XRD, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy verified successful Gr incorporation, with electron microscopy demonstrating uniform dispersion of faceted nanograins. Optical analyses revealed bandgap reduction in Gr -modified specimens, indicative of facilitated electronic transitions through the conductive network formation as a result of the presence of the Gr nanosheets. The electromagnetic performance of the composites was rigorously evaluated through conductivity analysis, VSM, and gamma-ray attenuation studies. Optimal EMI shielding performance emerged at ۳ wt% Fe۲O۳/Co@Gr loading, achieving balanced reflection (SER) and absorption (SEA) contributions to total shielding effectiveness (SET). This study highlights the transformative potential of Gr -enhanced magnetic nanocomposites in meeting the sophisticated requirements of contemporary electromagnetic management, while offering additional structural benefits for multifunctional applications.

کلیدواژه ها:

Electromagnetic interference ، EMI Shielding performance ، Graphene-reinforced Fe۲O۳/Co hybrid nanoparticles ، polyurethane matrix ، magnetic nanocomposites