Synthesis and Characterization of Peanut Shell-Derived Biochar-Nanobiochar Produced at ۸۰۰ °C for Environmental Remediation

The production of biochar from peanut shells via pyrolysis represents a sustainable strategy for converting agricultural residues into carbon-rich materials capable of improving soil quality. In this study, peanut shell biochar was prepared through slow pyrolysis at ۸۰۰ °C for ۳ h in a muffle furnace, and the influence of high-temperature carbonization on its physicochemical properties was systematically evaluated for soil amendment applications. The resulting biochar exhibited a BET surface area of ۷۸.۶ m²/g, a total pore volume of ۰.۰۷۰۸ cm³/g, and an average pore diameter of ۳.۶۹ nm—features indicative of a predominantly mesoporous structure conducive to nutrient retention and water-holding capacity. Scanning electron microscopy revealed well-defined pore channels and a heterogeneous, rugged surface morphology, while Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed diminished oxygenated functional groups and intensified aromatic C=C vibrations, reflecting substantial carbonization and enhanced structural stability. The elevated fixed carbon content and reduced volatile matter further corroborate the material’s suitability for long-term carbon sequestration and soil conditioning. Overall, slow pyrolysis at ۸۰۰ °C for ۳ h yields peanut shell biochar with desirable surface characteristics, structural resilience, and mesoporosity, establishing its potential as an effective and sustainable soil amendment.

کلیدواژه ها:

Pyrolysis ، biochar ، Nanobiochar ، Soil fertility ، Adsorption