The Role of Rules of Origin in Utilizing Preferential Tariff Benefits for the Agricultural Sector in International Trade Agreements

International trade is a key driver of contemporary economic development, and the effective implementation of trade agreements is essential for maximizing national benefits. Among the critical mechanisms in preferential trade agreements are the rules of Origin[۱], which determines whether exported goods qualify for reduced or zero tariffs. This study investigates the role of ROO and evaluates the extent to which agricultural exporters benefit from preferential tariff advantages in selected markets. The research combines documentary and library analysis with a field survey. Data were collected in ۲۰۲۵ using ۲۰۰ researcher-designed questionnaires completed with the cooperation of the Iran Chamber of Commerce and its provincial branches. The target population included agricultural exporters to the Eurasian, Turkish, and Pakistani markets. Findings indicate that only ۲۰.۵% of exporters utilized preferential tariffs through certificates of origin[۲]. Approximately ۷۹% identified limited awareness, insufficient information dissemination, administrative bureaucracy, and time-consuming procedures as major barriers. Statistical analysis revealed significant relationships between awareness and gender, as well as between benefit utilization and educational level. Exporters trading in the Eurasian market reported higher satisfaction than those targeting other markets. The study concludes that expanding targeted training programs and improving information systems—especially regarding certificate issuance—are effective strategies to enhance utilization of ROO. Accordingly, it is recommended that the Trade Promotion Organization of Iran, in collaboration with the Iran Chamber of Commerce and its provincial branches, organize short-term, practical workshops for stakeholders. These initiatives would facilitate access to preferential export markets and maximize the benefits derived from ROO.

کلیدواژه ها:

Rules of origin ، Trade Agreements ، Preferential Tariffs ، Market Access