Intranasal PLGA Nanovaccine Co-Delivering Multi-Epitope Antigen and CpG ODN Induces Potent Cytokine Responses against HTLV۱

In this investigation, the immunogenicity of HTLV-۱ fusion epitope-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) was evaluated in the presence of co-encapsulated CpG ODN adjuvant, through nasal administration in an animal model. For this purpose, the immunodominant HTLV-۱ epitopes including Tax, env, and gag was encapsulated in biodegradable PLGA NPs with CpG adjuvant. PLGA nanoparticles produced by a double emulsion method had a size approximately ۲۰۰ nm and encapsulation efficiency of chimera antigen was ۸۴%. The release profile of radiolabeled chimera revealed that only ۲۰% of chimera were released from PLGA nanospheres co-encapsulated CPG ODN during one month. The PLGA vaccine formulation significantly enhanced the secretion of IFN-γ, and IL-۱۰ cytokines and also reduced the amount of TGF-β۱ production. The co-delivery of chimera and CpG ODN in PLGA NPs significantly induced cellular immune responses compared to the incorporation of CpG and chimera antigen. The proper design of vaccine formulation and immunization strategy are crucial factors to construct an efficient vaccine.

کلیدواژه ها:

Nasal delivery ، Fusion peptide ، HTLV-۱ ، PLGA ، CpG ODN adjuvant ، cellular immunity