A Systematic Review of Safety Management and Risk Assessment in High-Rise Construction Projects in Iran

High-rise construction activities in Iran have expanded significantly over the past two decades, particularly in metropolitan areas such as Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, and Shiraz. This rapid vertical urbanization has been accompanied by an alarmingly high rate of occupational accidents and fatalities, positioning the construction sector as one of the most hazardous industries in the country. This systematic review aims to synthesize the current body of knowledge (۲۰۲۰–۲۰۲۴) on safety management systems and risk assessment methodologies applied in high-rise construction projects in Iran, identify prevailing risk categories, examine barriers to effective safety implementation, and propose an evidence-based framework to guide future practice and policy. A systematic literature search was conducted across international databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed) and Iranian databases (SID, Magiran, Civilica), using Boolean keyword combinations related to construction safety, risk assessment, and high-rise buildings in Iran. Studies published between January ۲۰۲۰ and December ۲۰۲۴ were screened following PRISMA guidelines, yielding ۶۲ eligible studies for final analysis The review identified six primary risk categories dominant in Iranian high-rise projects: working at height (fall prevention), crane and lifting operations, excavation hazards, electrical safety, structural integrity risks, and inadequate personal protective equipment compliance. Quantitative risk assessment tools (FMEA, FTA) and hybrid AI-based methods were increasingly adopted, though organizational and regulatory barriers remain significant. Safety culture deficits, enforcement gaps in the Ministry of Labour regulations, labor informality, and limited BIM-integrated safety planning emerged as critical systemic challenges. Conclusion: The findings underscore the urgent need for a nationally standardized safety management framework specifically tailored to the high-rise construction context in Iran, greater investment in safety training, digital monitoring technologies, and strengthened regulatory enforcement mechanisms

کلیدواژه ها:

Safety Management ، Risk Assessment ، High-Rise Construction ، Iran ، Occupational Safety ، FMEA ، BIM ، Systematic Review