Comprehensive Feasibility Study of Housing Construction Using ۳D Concrete Printing in Iran

The increasing demand for housing, rising construction costs, and limitations in resources have created significant challenges for the construction industry. In Iran, the imbalance between housing supply and demand has become an important economic and social issue. In this context, adopting innovative construction technologies can play a key role in improving productivity, reducing construction time, and lowering overall building costs. One of the emerging technologies in this field is ۳D Concrete Printing (۳DCP), which enables the fabrication of concrete structures layer by layer without the need for traditional formwork.The aim of this study is to evaluate the technical, economic, and environmental feasibility of using ۳D concrete printing technology for housing construction in Iran. First, global developments in this technology and major research studies in the field of ۳D printed construction are reviewed. Then, the main components of the technology, including printing equipment, material delivery systems, and the rheological properties of printable concrete, are analyzed. The mechanical behavior of printed structures, the issue of interlayer bonding, and different reinforcement strategies for printed elements are also discussed.In the structural analysis section, the performance of printed walls and the challenges of complying with building regulations, particularly in seismic regions, are examined. The economic assessment indicates that eliminating formwork, reducing labor requirements, and increasing construction speed can lead to cost reductions in large-scale housing projects. From an environmental perspective, reduced construction waste, optimized material usage, and the potential use of recycled materials are identified as major advantages of this technology.The results suggest that despite certain technical and regulatory challenges, Iran has strong potential for adopting ۳D construction printing due to its abundant mineral resources and large housing market. Developing pilot projects and establishing technical standards could facilitate the broader implementation of this technology in the country’s construction industry.

کلیدواژه ها:

۳D Concrete Printing (۳DCP) ، Additive Manufacturing in Construction ، Printable Concrete ، Housing Construction ، Sustainable Construction Technology.