Diode Lasers in Dentistry: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Applications and Future Perspectives

Diode lasers have become valuable tools in modern dentistry due to their minimally invasive nature, precise tissue interaction, portability, and versatility. Operating mainly within the ۶۰۰–۹۸۰ nm wavelength range, diode lasers are widely used in soft tissue surgery, periodontal therapy, endodontic disinfection, antimicrobial procedures, aesthetic treatments, and photobiomodulation. Their effects are primarily based on photothermal and photobiomodulatory mechanisms, which can promote tissue management, microbial reduction, and cellular repair. This review summarizes the principles of diode laser technology, mechanisms of laser–tissue interaction, clinical applications, advantages, limitations, and safety considerations. The performance of diode lasers is also compared with other dental laser systems, including Nd, Er, and CO₂ lasers. Although diode lasers offer promising clinical benefits, challenges related to treatment standardization, thermal safety, and long-term clinical evidence remain. Future advances in digital dentistry, artificial intelligence, and intelligent laser systems may further enhance their role in personalized and minimally invasive dental care.

کلیدواژه ها:

Diode laser ، Laser dentistry ، Soft tissue surgery ، Periodontology ، Endodontics ، Photobiomodulation ، Minimally invasive dentistry.