Assessment of Urban Water Resources System’s Spatio-temporal Vulnerability in Birnin Kebbi, Northwestern Nigeria

This article was aimed at assessing vulnerability of urban water resources system (UWRS) in Birnin Kebbi, Northwestern Nigeria. Multi-dimensional data was input into a modified Driving-force, Pressure, State, Impact and Response (DPSIR) framework. The Model consists of fifteen (۱۵) evaluation factors/indicators relevant to study area’s peculiarities. UWRS’ vulnerability grades were categorized from mild to extremely strong intensities. The intensity levels of factors were subsequently computed. Patterns of how each pair of factors behaved (from ۱۹۹۰ to ۲۰۲۰) were generated in PAST۳.۲ environment. Results showed increase in resilience trends in the post-۲۰۰۰ years. This suggests vulnerability transitions where not all of the system’s factors moved in concurrence across the decades, an indication of internal dynamics that push back against uniform change in the system. We conclude that this implies Birnin Kebbi’s UWRS’s effective adaptive responses and vulnerability mitigation mechanisms despite periodic spikes in unmitigated pressures, states and impacts in pre-۲۰۰۰ period.

کلیدواژه ها:

DPSIR ، resilience trends ، hydrometeorological hazard ، transitions ، water supply