Evaluation of intralipid effect on pregnancy outcomes in women with recurrent implantation failure: A retrospective cohort study

Background: Recurrent implantation failure remains a challenge in assisted reproduction. Intralipid has been proposed as an immunomodulatory intervention to improve outcomes, although evidence remains inconsistent. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of intralipid on pregnancy outcomes in women with a history of at least ۲ failed embryo transfer cycles. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, data of ۲۷۰ women with ≥ ۲ failed embryo transfer cycles, who underwent a subsequent frozen embryo transfer (FET) at Avicenna Fertility Center, Tehran, Iran, from March ۲۰۲۱-۲۰۲۲ were extracted from medical records. Participants were allocated to the intralipid group (n = ۱۳۲), receiving ۱۰۰ mL intravenous intralipid ۲۰% ۱ wk before FET, if beta-human chorionic gonadotropin was positive, the same dose was given every ۴ wk until the end of the first trimester, or to the control group (n = ۱۳۸), undergoing routine FET treatments. Outcomes included biochemical, clinical, and ongoing pregnancy, abortion, and live birth. Results: Biochemical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the intralipid group compared with controls (۵۱.۵% vs. ۳۷.۷%, p = ۰.۰۲۲). Clinical pregnancy (۴۳.۲% vs. ۳۶.۲%), ongoing pregnancy (۲۸.۸% vs. ۱۸.۸%), and live birth (۲۵.۸% vs. ۱۷.۴%) also favored the intralipid group, although these differences did not reach statistical significance (p > ۰.۰۵). Abortion rates were comparable between groups (۲۵.۸% vs. ۲۱.۰%, p = ۰.۳۵۷). Conclusion: Intralipid may improve biochemical pregnancy rates and shows a non-significant positive trend in other pregnancy outcomes in recurrent implantation failure cases, warranting confirmation in larger randomized controlled trials.

کلیدواژه ها:

Fat emulsions ، Intravenous ، Embryo implantation failure ، Fertilization in vitro ، Pregnancy outcome ، Immunomodulation. ، امولسیون های چربی ، داخل وریدی ، شکست لانه گزینی جنین ، لقاح آزمایشگاهی ، پیامد بارداری ، تعدیل ایمنی.