Bioactive Rutin@Hydroxyapatite-Halloysite nanocomposites: synergistic antibacterial and osteogenic effects for bone tissue regeneration

The present study describes the synthesis, characterization, and in vitro biological effectiveness of a new Rutin@Hydroxyapatite-Halloysite (Ru@HA-HNT) nanocomposite for the treatment of osteomyelitis and the regeneration of bone tissue. FT-IR and XRD measurements validated the successful incorporation of rutin (Ru) without structural modification, whereas TEM and SEM demonstrated a consistent coating of spherical Hydroxyapatite (HA) particles on tubular HNTs, offering a significant surface area for Ru adsorption. Biological evaluations utilizing MC۳T۳-E۱ pre-osteoblast cells indicated that the nanocomposite markedly improved biocompatibility and promoted proliferation of cells. The material's capacity to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and preserve mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) further emphasized its antioxidant characteristics and cellular stability. The nanocomposite demonstrated significant antibacterial effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus), attaining a killing efficiency of ۹۸.۴% by day ۱۴. Moreover, osteogenic assays demonstrated a significant enhancement in differentiation; by day ۱۴, the Ru@HA-HNT group displayed ALP activity and calcium mineralization (ARS) levels that were ۱۹% and ۱۶% superior to the controls, respectively. Immunofluorescence studies verified the elevation of critical osteogenic markers (RUNX۲, ALP, COL I, and OCN), substantiating the material's function in promoting bone formation. The findings indicate that the Ru@HA-HNT nanocomposite is an effective, multifunctional material for concurrently addressing osteomyelitis and facilitating bone tissue regeneration.

کلیدواژه ها:

Osteomyelitis ، bone regeneration ، Nanocomposites ، Antibacterial agents ، Signal transduction