The Association between Odds of Sarcopenia in Elderly and the Global and Prime Diet Quality Scores: A Case-Control Study

Background: The gradual loss of skeletal muscle associated with aging is called sarcopenia, which significantly affects the health and independence of the elderly. Although dietary quality has been suggested as a modifiable risk factor, evidence remains limited. The goal of our research was to evaluate the link between sarcopenia and two comprehensive diet quality indices of the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) and the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS).Methods: In the present case-control research, ۱۶۰ older adults (>۶۵ years) from Shiraz, Iran, were enrolled; while ۸۰ were with confirmed sarcopenia and ۸۰ were healthy controls. Applying a validated ۱۶۸- item food frequency questionnaire, dietary intake was evaluated. PDQS and GDQS were calculated based on food group intakes. Sarcopenia diagnosis followed the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria. Associations were investigated using logistic regression models that had been modified to account for possible confounding variables.Results: Greater PDQS and GDQS scores were significantly linked to reduced odds of sarcopenia. Individuals in the last tertile of PDQS and GDQS had ۶۰% and ۶۴% lower likelihood of sarcopenia, respectively, compared to those in the ۱st tertile (PDQS: odds ratio (OR)=۰.۳۹۷, ۹۵%confidence interval (CI): ۰.۱۶۱–۰.۹۷۶; GDQS: OR=۰.۳۵۷, ۹۵%CI: ۰.۱۴۰–۰.۹۱۱).Conclusion: Greater adherence to high-quality dietary patterns, as indicated by PDQS and GDQS, is inversely linked to sarcopenia odds in older adults. These findings support the implementation of diet-based interventions as a promising strategy to preserve muscle health and promote healthy aging.

کلیدواژه ها:

Sarcopenia ، Elderly ، Global diet quality score ، Prime diet quality score ، Iran