Olive oil production represents a major economic activity in Iran. The standard industrial extraction process involves three key steps: (i) crushing of olives to rupture cellular structures and release oil, (ii) malaxation to enhance oil yield through gentle mixing of the olive paste, and (iii) separation of oil from the aqueous and solid residues. In the three-phase centrifugation process, the addition of hot water facilitates oil separation but simultaneously generates large volumes of olive mill wastewater (OMWW) and solid waste compounds, particularly phenolic substances, making it one of the most environmentally problematic effluents in the agro-industrial sector. Despite these challenges, OMWW is also a rich source of bioactive compounds, including phenolics, tocopherols, and carotenoids, which exhibit antioxidant properties.  The valorization of food industry wastes and by-products, therefore, serves a dual purpose: it ensures the effective utilization of waste streams while simultaneously promoting public health. This approach contributes significantly to the development of a sustainable food chain from both environmental and economic perspectives. Polyphenolic compounds recovered from OMWW show great potential for applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries, thereby reframing OMWW from an environmental burden to a valuable resource. The aim of this review is to investigate various methodologies for the extraction and purification of polyphenolic compounds from wastes and by-products generated during the olive oil production process.

کلیدواژه ها:

Olive oil ، Wastewater ، Extraction of phenolic ، Olive