Novel Low-Cost Polymeric Hydrogels for Integrating New Materials Applying FT-IR and EDS Analysis in Architectural Design: Innovations for Pollution Absorption in Urban Planning

This study developed a new, low-cost wall paint that helps clean polluted city air. The paint contains a special water-absorbing material called a hydrogel, mixed with two nanomaterials—nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO₂) and Graphene Oxide (GO). Together, these ingredients trap pollutants and break them down when exposed to light. The researchers used several methods to study the paint. They used X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to check the crystal structure, Fourier-Transform InfraRed (FT-IR) spectroscopy to identify chemical bonds, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) to see the material's sponge-like structure and confirm that the nanomaterials were evenly spread. They also tested the paint's strength and how well it absorbs water over ۶۰۰ hours at different pH levels. In lab tests under sunlight, the best paint formula (called P-Hybrid) removed ۶۸% of Nitrogen Oxides (NO). Even under visible light alone, it still removed ۴۵%. It also absorbed ۸۰% of toluene (a common volatile organic compound) and trapped fine dust particles (particulate matter), which rain could easily wash off. The paint was then tested on real buildings at three city locations for ۱۲ months. Results showed that it lowered nearby nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) levels by ۲۵ to ۳۵ percent. These findings prove that this hydrogel-based paint can turn ordinary building walls into active air-purifying surfaces. It is affordable, durable, and offers a practical solution for cleaner air in cities.

کلیدواژه ها:

Architecture ، Polymeric wall ، Urban Planning ، Nanomaterials ، Pollution absorption ، New materials