Unlocking the Potential of Nanoencapsulated Cr(III)-Tartrate as a Candidate Antidiabetic Supplement: An In vivo Study

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing global health problem characterized by impaired blood glucose regulation due to pancreatic β-cell damage. Therefore, the development of safer and more effective alternative therapies for DM is of considerable importance. Although chromium(III) may improve insulin sensitivity, its development as a diabetes mellitus therapy remains constrained by low bioavailability and poor stability. This study developed a Cr(III)-tartrate nanoencapsulation system as a candidate for a nanotechnology-based antidiabetic supplement. The Cr(III)-tartrate (CrTa) complex was synthesized by reacting Cr³⁺ ions with tartaric acid. Furthermore, CrTa nanoencapsulation was subsequently carried out using a chitosan-dextrin matrix through an ultrasonication process. The findings indicated that nanoencapsulation with a chitosan–dextrin matrix enhanced the physicochemical properties of CrTa. The T۱ group treated with CrTa-NPs exhibited decreased blood glucose levels. More importantly, an in vivo study revealed that CrTa-NPs reduced blood glucose levels to near-normal levels after ۴ weeks, with an effect comparable to that of metformin. Furthermore, CrTa-NPs demonstrated the greatest improvement in pancreatic histology, as evidenced by islets of Langerhans appearing nearly normal, with distinct boundaries, a significantly higher number of β-cells, and well-preserved cellular organization. Overall, CrTa-NPs have the potential to be used to lower blood glucose levels in diabetic groups and can repair pancreatic beta cells.

کلیدواژه ها:

Antidiabetic ، Cr(III)-tartrate ، Diabetes Mellitus ، Blood Sugar ، Nanoencapsulation