Cultural Validation of ICD-۱۱ and DSM-۵ Personality Models: Evidence From PiCD-۱۱ and PID-۵ in Iran

Objective: The dimensional approaches to personality disorders (PDs) proposed in ICD-۱۱ and DSM-۵ were developed to address limitations of traditional categorical classifications. Despite growing interest in these models, cross-cultural evidence from non-Western populations remains limited. Methods: The present study examined the psychometric characteristics of the personality inventory for ICD-۱۱ (PiCD) and evaluated its associations with external variables in comparison with the personality inventory for DSM-۵–brief form (PID-۵-BF) within an Iranian sample. Participants included ۳۴۷ university students from Tehran (۶۱.۹% female), consisting of ۲۰۶ non-clinical and ۱۴۱ help-seeking individuals. Participants completed the PiCD, PID-۵-BF, BFI-۱۰, LPFS-BF ۲.۰, SCL-۲۵, BIS-۱۱, and CAB. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), correlation analyses, and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted.  Results: The PiCD demonstrated acceptable reliability and supported a five-factor structure following the removal of four items. PiCD domains were significantly associated with personality dysfunction, psychological distress, impulsivity, and externalizing behaviors. Negative affectivity was most strongly related to anxiety and depression, whereas disinhibition showed stronger associations with impulsivity and externalizing tendencies. Regression analyses indicated that PiCD domains explained meaningful variance in psychological and behavioral outcomes. Overall, the PiCD and PID-۵-BF showed broadly comparable patterns of associations with external measures. Conclusion: The findings provide preliminary support for the reliability and structural validity of the ICD-۱۱ dimensional personality trait model in an Iranian sample. The results also suggest considerable overlap between the ICD-۱۱ and DSM-۵ dimensional frameworks in the assessment of maladaptive personality traits and related psychopathology.

کلیدواژه ها:

ICD-۱۱ ، DSM-۵ ، AMPD ، Personality disorders (PDs) ، PiCD ، PID-۵ ، Dimensional assessment