Circular RNA a window to the future treatment of liver and thyroid cancer

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is recognized as a prevalent primary liver cancer with a rising incidence worldwide and the leading reason for cancer mortalities globally. Several studies about the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of HCC have been carried out in recent decades. These analyses have shown that dysregulation of coding or noncoding genes, gene mutation, etc, were involved in controlling the HCC growth. Identifying biomarkers is essential for estimating patient survival and prognosis, tumor recurrence, and appropriate treatment options due to the poor prognosis correlated with HCC. Recently, researchers found a new type of biomarker, Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are the natural type of RNAs that are produced by splicing of pre-mRNA and synthesized by "head to tail" AND " THE TYPE OF noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). circRNAs have been correlated with several physiological and pathological processes, including regulating gene expression protein-RNA interactions, microRNA(miRNA) sponging, and high levels of stability and resistance to RNA degradation and expression in different types of cancer like HCC. Circ RNAs also could be used as the biomarker of papillary thyroid cancer. We reviewed the function of CircRNA and the effect of different types of Circ RNAs in HCC and papillary thyroid cancer.

کلیدواژه ها:

Circular RNA (circRNA) ، Hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC) ، Papillary thyroid cancer (PTCs) ، exosomes ، Sorafenib