Effectiveness of Self-Compassion Training on Self-Esteem, Psychological Well-Being, Psychological Flexibility, and Resilience in Individuals with Type ۲ Diabetes

Objective: Type ۲ diabetes, in addition to its physical consequences, exerts significant psychological effects on patients' quality of life and mental health. Psychological interventions that strengthen individuals' internal resources can therefore contribute to improved mental health and resilience. The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of self-compassion training on self-esteem, psychological well-being, psychological flexibility, and psychological resilience in individuals with type ۲ diabetes. Method: A quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test measures and a control group was employed. The statistical population comprised all individuals with type ۲ diabetes who visited specialized diabetes treatment centers in Tabriz, Iran, during the first quarter of ۲۰۲۳. Of these, ۳۰ participants were selected through convenience sampling and were then randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Data were collected using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (۱۹۸۹), Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scale (۲۰۰۲), the Dennis and Vander Wal Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (۲۰۱۰), and a Persian Psychological Resilience Scale (Kiamarsi, Najarian, & Mehrabizadeh-Honarmand, ۱۹۹۸). The self-compassion training program consisted of eight one-hour sessions based on Gilbert's therapeutic protocol (۲۰۰۹). Results: Data analysis indicated that self-compassion training significantly improved self-esteem, psychological well-being, and psychological flexibility in individuals with type ۲ diabetes (p < ۰.۰۵). However, the intervention did not produce a significant effect on psychological resilience in this population. Conclusion: These findings suggest that enhancing self-compassion skills can constitute an effective component of psychological interventions for patients with type ۲ diabetes.

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شفقت به خود ، حرمت نفس ، بهزیستی روانشناختی ، انعطاف پذیری روانشناختی ، سرسختی روانشناختی ، دیابت نوع ۲