The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Criminal Justic System:Acriminological and Human Rights Perspective

The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into criminal justice systems has transformed traditional mechanisms of crime prevention, investigation, sentencing, and correctional management. Predictive policing tools, risk assessment algorithms, facial recognition technologies, and automated decisions making systems promise efficiency and objectivity. However, these technologies raise serious concerns regarding due process, transparency, accountability, discrimination, and human rights protection. This paper examines the implications of AI-based technologies from a criminal law and criminological perspective. Using a normative-analytical and interdisciplinary approach, the study evaluates the compatibility of AI-driven criminal justice mechanisms with fundamental legal principles such as legality, proportionality, presumption of innocence, and equality before the law. The findings suggest that while AI may enhance managerial efficiency within justice institutions, without appropriate regulatory safeguards it risks reinforcing structural biases and undermining procedural fairness. The paper proposes a human-centered regulatory framework grounded in rule-of-law standards and international human rights principles.

کلیدواژه ها:

Artificial Intelligence ، Criminal Justice ، Criminology ، Human Rights ، Predictive Policing ، Algorithmic Bias ، Due Process