Financial Management in Banks: Roles, Processes, and Challenges

Financial management in banks refers to a set of decisions and planning processes aimed at maintaining liquidity, increasing sustainable profitability, and controlling financial risks. The purpose of this study is to examine how banks allocate financial resources optimally through instruments such as balance sheet management, cash flow analysis, and credit policy design. The research problem focuses on identifying the mechanisms that enable banks to maintain financial performance under changing interest rates, credit risk exposure, and liquidity pressures. The importance of this topic lies in the fact that banks act as the main financial intermediaries in the economy, and their financial decisions directly affect economic activity. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and data are collected through library-based research and note-taking from valid academic sources. The findings indicate that coordination among liquidity management, risk management, and capital management is the key factor in achieving financial stability.

کلیدواژه ها:

Financial management ، bank ، liquidity ، credit risk ، balance sheet ، regulatory capital ، profitability ، cash flow