Investigating the Role of Cell Membrane Surface Molecules in Cancer Immunotherapy

The cell membrane, as a natural source of functional surface molecules, plays a pivotal role in designing a new generation of biomimetic systems for cancer immunotherapy. In this review article, the structure and function of antigens, membrane proteins (MHC, CD۴۷), targeting ligands, and the homologous recognition mechanism are examined, followed by an analysis of the application of these molecules in cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CMNPS) derived from red blood cells, immune cells, and cancer cells. Furthermore, engineered membrane vesicles and tumor cell membrane-based vaccines are introduced as two novel approaches to enhance targeting, stimulate immunity, and overcome tumor heterogeneity. The findings indicate that cell membrane-based technologies can largely overcome the limitations of traditional synthetic nanoparticles and revolutionize the landscape of cancer immunotherapy, although challenges of large-scale production and standardization remain.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles ، Cancer Immunotherapy ، Tumor Microenvironment ، Cancer Vaccine ، Homologous Recognition ، Engineered Vesicles