The Role of Oral Environmental Stresses in Inducing Resistance in Candida albicans

Candida albicans is a major opportunistic fungal pathogen capable of forming highly structured biofilms on oral mucosal and prosthetic surfaces. Biofilm-associated cells exhibit markedly increased resistance to antifungal agents compared to planktonic counterparts. The oral cavity represents a dynamic microenvironment characterized by fluctuating pH, high dietary sugar exposure, oxidative stress, salivary alterations, inflammatory mediators, and antimicrobial pressure. These environmental stressors are believed to modulate adaptive resistance mechanisms and enhance biofilm persistence.

کلیدواژه ها:

Oral Microenvironment ، Candida albicans ، Biofilm Resistance ، Antifungal Resistance ، Oxidative Stress ، pH Fluctuation ، Efflux Pumps ، Oral Candidiasis ، Microbial Dysbiosis