The Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs (IncRNAs) in Cancer Progression: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Targets

Long non-coding RNAs (IncRNAs), once considered transcriptional noise, have emerged as pivotal regulators of cellular processes in human physiology and pathology. With transcripts exceeding ۲۰۰ nucleotides in length and lacking protein-coding capacity, IncRNAs orchestrate complex gene regulatory networks through chromatin remodeling, transcriptional interference, and scaffolding of protein complexes. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing have uncovered the aberrant expression of IncRNAs in various malignancies, positioning them as key drivers of oncogenesis, metastasis, and therapy resistance. This review synthesizes current knowledge regarding the biogenesis and molecular mechanisms of IncRNAs, evaluates their utility as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers, and critically assesses the feasibility of targeting IncRNAs in therapeutic interventions. By bridging the gap between molecular mechanisms and clinical practice, this analysis outlines the trajectory for IncRNA-based precision oncology.

کلیدواژه ها:

Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) ، Cancer Pathogenesis ، Molecular Mechanisms ، Epigenetic Regulation