A Review Study on Sensory Processing Sensitivity in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Introduction Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with widespread effects on an individual's life and their family. One of the less-known characteristics of this disorder is sensory processing issues, which have been observed not only in children but also in their mothers. These sensory abnormalities can negatively impact mothers' mental health and quality of life, confronting them with greater challenges in caring for their children. The objective of this review study is to summarize the existing evidence regarding sensory processing sensitivity in mothers of children with autism. Materials and Methods This study is a simple literature review. An advanced search was conducted using Boolean operators and key keywords such as "autism," "mother," and "sensory processing" in international databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and national databases SID and Magiran. The initial search yielded ۴۲ articles. Based on inclusion criteria (articles published from ۲۰۱۴ onwards, in Persian or English, with open access) and exclusion criteria (gray literature, duplicate or irrelevant articles), ۸ studies were ultimately included and analyzed. Findings Research findings indicate that mothers of children with autism have a higher sensory processing sensitivity compared to mothers of typically developing children. Studies show a correlation between the sensory profiles of the mother and child. These abnormalities in mothers are associated with increased stress, anxiety, and poor mental health, which can disrupt their daily life and social interactions. These findings emphasize the existence of a specific sensory pattern in this population. Conclusion The existing evidence unequivocally shows that sensory processing sensitivity is an important characteristic in mothers of children with autism that requires attention. Given the negative impact of this phenomenon on mothers' mental health, it is essential that this issue be considered in psychological and supportive interventions. Further studies, especially within the cultural context of Iran, are recommended to provide practical solutions and improve the quality of life for these families.