Analysis of drivers and barriers to the establishment of Industry ۴.۰ in the automotive industry with a mixed approach of interpretive structural equation modeling and micro-analysis

The emergence of Industry ۴.۰ as the fourth industrial revolution has transformed production patterns , operations management , and supply chains . Technologies such as the Industrial Internet of Things , artificial intelligence , big data , cloud computing , digital twins , and cyber - physical systems have enabled organizations to achieve smart , flexible , and data - driven manufacturing . Despite the vast benefits of these technologies , many automotive companies in developing countries , including Iran , face numerous challenges in implementing Industry ۴.۰ .On the other hand , numerous factors can also play a role in the success of this transformation . Therefore , identifying the relationships between drivers and obstacles and determining their level of influence is a basic necessity for strategic planning of organizations .The purpose of this research is to analyze the structural drivers and barriers to the establishment of Industry ۴.۰ in one of the major Iranian automotive companies using a mixed approach of interpretive structural modeling ( ISM ) and MICMAC analysis . The research is applied in terms of purpose and exploratory in terms of method . First , through a systematic review of the literature and interviews with automotive industry experts, the effective factors are extracted and finalized . Then , using the ISM model , the hierarchical relationships between these factors are determined , and then using MICMAC analysis , the influence power and degree of dependence of each factor are evaluated.The research results are expected to show that factors such as senior management support , digital maturity , information technology infrastructure , investment in new technologies , and human capital development are among the most important drivers of Industry ۴.۰ deployment , while financial constraints , technology restrictions , equipment obsolescence , employee resistance , and weak digital infrastructure are among the most important obstacles to this transformation . Research findings : It can provide a basis for developing a digital transformation roadmap and prioritizing investment in Iran 's automotive industry .

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And the key words : Industry ۴.۰ ، digital transformation ، automotive industry ، interpretive structural modeling ، ISM MICMAC analysis ، pioneers