Infrastructure Challenges of Microforming Technology in Iran: A Case Study of the Precision Spring Manufacturing Industry

Microforming, as an advanced technology for manufacturing metal parts at submillimeter scales, offers significant economic and environmental advantages. However, its industrial implementation in Iran faces complex infrastructure challenges. This paper investigates the main obstacles to developing this technology, using the precision spring manufacturing industry as a case study. The challenges extend beyond procuring primary machinery and encompass three fundamental pillars: knowledge, specialized equipment, and skilled human resources. Scale effects in this process shift material behavior from homogeneous to heterogeneous, leading to decreased flow stress, a dominant role of friction, and significantly reduced repeatability. An analysis of industrial equipment specifications reveals unavoidable requirements such as micron-level accuracy, advanced control systems (e.g., linear and servo motors), specialized handling equipment (e.g., vacuum grippers), and high-precision tool-making technologies (e.g., micro wire EDM, grinding, and laser ablation). A case study on the production of micro compression springs in a domestic knowledge-based company (Iran Fanarlool Co.) demonstrated that even with access to technical know-how and specialized machinery, overcoming challenges like ultra-precise control of raw material properties, rapid tool wear, and sub-Newton force measurement is essential for achieving stable mass production. The overall conclusion indicates that success in this field requires long-term investment in domestic R&D, establishing a reliable supply chain for high-quality materials and tools, and implementing comprehensive statistical process control (SPC) systems. This approach can reduce dependency on foreign technology and move toward national self-sufficiency in this strategic sector.

کلیدواژه ها:

Microforming ، Feasibility study ، Precision Manufacturing ، Helical spring ، Coiling machine