Advanced Review on the Role of Integrated AI-Health Systems in the Digital Transformation of Occupational Health Throughout the Steelmaking Lifecycle

The steelmaking industry is characterized by complex, high-risk processes and long lifecycle exposures that pose significant challenges to occupational health and safety. Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI), Industrial Internet of Things (IoT), and cyber-physical systems have created new opportunities to transform traditional occupational health practices into proactive, data-driven, and personalized health management systems. This paper provides an advanced, integrative review of the role of AI-enabled health systems in the digital transformation of occupational health across the entire steelmaking lifecycle, from raw material handling and cokemaking to ironmaking, steel refining, continuous casting, and downstream processing. We systematically synthesize current evidence on AI applications for exposure assessment, early detection of work-related diseases, predictive risk modeling, ergonomic and biomechanical analysis, mental health monitoring, and real-time safety surveillance in steel plants. Special attention is given to integrated architectures that combine wearable sensors, environmental monitoring, machine learning, digital twins, and electronic health records into continuous occupational health intelligence platforms. The review also addresses governance, ethical, and regulatory considerations, including data privacy, algorithmic transparency, workforce acceptance, and the integration of AI-driven insights into organizational decision-making and occupational health policy. Key research gaps and future directions are identified, such as multimodal data fusion, explainable AI, cross-site interoperability, and socio-technical frameworks for responsible implementation. By outlining a comprehensive roadmap, this study highlights how integrated AI-health systems can support safer workplaces, reduce the burden of occupational disease, and enable sustainable digital transformation in the steelmaking sector.

کلیدواژه ها:

Artificial intelligence (AI) ، Steelmaking lifecycle ، Industrial Internet of Things (IoT) ، Wearable sensors